Esther M. Lederberg HMS Fellowship
culla di Guida

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culla di Guida
Tortures of the Holy Inquisition: culla di Guida
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Under the Holy Inquisition, various forms of torture machinery were employed. The "culla di Guida" is only one such kind of torture. Religious people expended great efforts in the pursuit of religion, thinking up more and more different but ingenious forms of torture! Perhaps Pironesi's prisons were intended to be disorienting as, jut as torture is not normal, is disorienting for human beings?

Esther Lederberg and her second husband Matthew Simon visited an exhibit by Amnesty International at the Preseideo in San Francisco. The exhibit was about the subject of torture. Various torture machinery was on display such as a bejeweled silver cross about a foot in length that concealed a dagger; the culla di Guida; the brass "Brazen Bull" 1.

1 The "Brazen Bull" was a hollow figure made of brass that looked like a bull. It was constructed with a door on its side that could be opened and a living person pushed into the brass bull, the door locked. A fire was then set under the bull to burn the victim to chars. While being incinerated, the victim would scream in pain. The bull was designed so that the screams would sound like a bellowing bull. The bull was designed by a man named "Perillos", given as a gift to tyrant "Phalaris" of Sicily. Phalaris had Perillos murdered in the Brazen Bull as his reward.

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